International & out-of-state discovery (Arizona)
Reaching a witness or documents outside Arizona runs different rails depending on where the evidence is — and Arizona's first rail is the genuine article: Rule 45.1 IS the Uniform Interstate Depositions and Discovery Act machinery, loaded verbatim. Each route is shown with the authority that governs it; the choice and the comity analysis are legal judgments.
Incoming: an out-of-state case reaching an Arizona witness (Rule 45.1 — loaded)
A foreign subpoena — one issued under a foreign court's authority — is domesticated through Rule 45.1's own machinery for reissuance and service under Arizona's rules. The rule's 'state' definition reaches the states, D.C., the territories, and FEDERALLY RECOGNIZED INDIAN TRIBES — a definition with real work to do in Arizona.
Ariz. R. Civ. P. 45.1 (loaded verbatim)
Outgoing: an Arizona case reaching an out-of-state witness
Take the Arizona-issued instrument to the witness's state and domesticate it under THAT state's UIDDA or commission practice — the receiving state's procedure governs issuance there.
Ariz. R. Civ. P. 45.1; the receiving state's UIDDA
28 U.S.C. § 1782
Evidence in the U.S. for use in a foreign or international tribunal — a federal-court application, not a state route.
28 U.S.C. § 1782 (federal)
The Hague Evidence Convention
Evidence located abroad from a Convention country — Letters of Request through the Central Authority; the comity balance on when the Convention is required versus optional is case law (anchors — verify before citing).
Hague Evidence Convention; the comity line — anchors